Nitrate and Nitrite in Drinking Water (1995) / Chapter Skim
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5 RISK CHARACTERIZATION
5 RISK CHARACTERIZATION
Pages 45-50
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From page 45... ...
with any adverse effect other than methemogIobinemia, and it identified a no-observedaciverse-effect level (NOAEL) for nitrate of 10 mg of nitrate nitrogen per liter (~.6 m~cg-ciay)
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From page 46... ...
Any theoretical cancer risk should be weighed against the benefits of eating vegetables. · Epiclemiologic studies provide inadequate evidence of an association between nitrate exposure from drinIcing water in the United States and cancer risk.
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From page 47... ...
As a result, calculating useful estimates of potential cancer risk solely on the basis of nitrate or nitrite exposure is not possible in the absence of supporting epidemiologic data or a physiologically based pharmacokinetic mode} that would permit analysis of the complex relationships between exogenous and endogenously formed nitrate, nitrite, and N-nitroso compounds. · Endogenous nitrate formation occurs at about ~ m~cg-day.
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From page 48... ...
That is the lowest dosage at which adverse health effects of nitrate or nitrite have been reported in laboratory animals. The study had several limitations, and it is not known whether the neurobehavioral effects reported in rats can be extrapolated to humans; however, if so, converting the dosage to an adult human (lo s age yields 3 ~ 7 mg of nitrate per clay, which is equivalent to the total dietary intake of a typical pregnant woman.
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From page 49... ...
and nitrite at 3.3 mg/L (nitrite nitrogen at ~ my/. These MCkGs are adequate to protect human health from the potential consequences of exposure to nitrate and nitrite in public water supplies because they are based on human data derived from the most sensitive subpopulation and because no cases of methemovIobinemia have been reported in the United States at dosages below the MCkGs.
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