LRFD Minimum Flexural Reinforcement Requirements (2019) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 100-102
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From page 100... ...
100 a = distance from loading frame to concentrated crack A = area of concrete section Act = area of cross section between flexural tension face and center of gravity of gross section Afl = ratio of direct tension strength and flexural cracking strength Aps = area of prestressing strand Aps,min. = minimum area of prestressed steel As = area of non-prestressed steel As,min.
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From page 101... ...
101 fsu = stress in prestressed steel at failure fu = ultimate stress in mild reinforcement (just before rupture) fy = stress in mild reinforcement at specified yield strain F = applied load GF = fracture energy h = height I = moment of inertia j = internal moment arm ratio jd = distance between centroid of compression zone and tensile force due to post-tensioning KIC = fracture toughness of concrete lpt = length of unbonded prestressed strand L = span length Mcr = cracking moment mcr = theoretical cracking moment (fry/I)
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From page 102... ...
102 etl = tension-controlled strain limit in extreme tension steel etm = maximum net tensile strain eu = ultimate strain q1,q2 = rotation of girder on each side of concentrated crack µΔ = displacement ductility r = reinforcement ratio (As/bd) rL = longitudinal reinforcement ratio rmin.
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