Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 193-201
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B-1 Understanding of the Problem Firefighting foam used for extinguishing aircraft fires has been described as being a stable mass of small air-filled bubbles, which have a lower specific gravity than that of hydrocarbon fuels or water (FAA, 2004)
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B-2 Use and potential impacts of AFFF Containing pFASs at Airports Information on alternatives may also be protected by trade secrets or is not peer-reviewed (UNEP 2011)
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Table B-1. Types of firefighting foams for Class B fires.
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Fluorine-Free Foams (F3) Protein Foam (PF)
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AFFF Alternatives B-5 from service in 2011 and 2013, respectively. Production and sale of PFOS-based AFFF in China has continued.
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B-6 Use and potential impacts of AFFF Containing pFASs at Airports conditions, to eventually degrade to PFHxA (perfluorohexane) , PFPeA (perfluoropentanoic acid)
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AFFF Alternatives B-7 Limited Data -- There are limited independent pieces of research or studies on the environmental and human health impacts of AFFF formulated with fluorotelomers, in comparison to the research done for foams that use PFOS and PFOA. In addition, there is little publicly available information on the chemical structures, properties, uses and toxicological profiles of these fluorotelomer based alternatives.
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B-8 Use and potential impacts of AFFF Containing pFASs at Airports unusual additives are present (Seow 2013)
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AFFF Alternatives B-9 Conclusion There are commercially produced alternative foam types to AFFF. Most of these alternative foam types contain PFASs (with the exception of the fluorine-free foams)
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