Planning and Design for Fire and Smoke Incidents in Underground Passenger Rail Systems (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 38-51
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38 IntroductIon Synthesis survey results provide an overview of transit agencies' evaluations of their planning for and management of fire and smoke incidents. Following a review of these results, six agencies were chosen as case example sites.
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39 for a design-build system after receiving several good proposals. MARTA has contracted separately with a technical expert on ventilation to have an independent subject matter expert at its disposal throughout the project.
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40 MARTA has its own 911 call center. The state fire marshal requires that when an alarm is activated, first responders are called immediately without investigating the incident.
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41 Executive support is imperative. Having the top executives champion and understand the projects is critical to success.
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42 lessons learned The agency reported the following lessons learned. • A primary lesson learned from MBTA's experience is to do the basics every day.
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43 based on the types of fires expected to be encountered, and analyzed the temperatures and smoke that could be expected from such fires. The study recommended improved and faster detection of smoke and fire; an improved ventilation system, including additional fans that together prevent the back layering of smoke and excess temperatures in the egress paths; and quick notification of agency and airport fire department personnel.
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44 • Authorities with jurisdiction do not necessarily have the expertise to understand more complex systems and may not perform adequate acceptance tests. When performing quality acceptance testing, ensure that the systems are tested together using various scenarios to ensure all components are communicating and functioning according to design, rather than independently testing all of the alarms, ventilation systems, and smoke detection systems.
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45 • Joint exercises, such as tabletop drills, with first responders (the airport fire department in this case) are essential, as is equipment familiarization.
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46 clear of smoke in seconds. This demonstration of the smoke generators led fire department personnel to decide that immediate activation is the correct option.
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47 always end up in places where they should not be. As a result, PATH track walkers walk through all tunnels every day picking up debris, and during terminal layovers crews remove trash from vehicles.
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48 evacuation The primary means of egress from the deep mine station at Beacon Hill (described in the next section) is elevators.
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49 Keys to success • Talent, experience, and chemistry are all important, but chemistry is especially important between the safety department and two groups: the jurisdiction having authority and its personnel who inspect and commission the tunnels and stations and the agency's operations department. • Training is paramount to get the operations department to understand what equipment they have, how valuable it is, and how to use it.
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50 take them to the next safe station for evacuation. Conversely, if the train operator decides remaining on a train and sheltering in place is not a safer alternative, the last resort is to evacuate passengers to the tunnel/track bed after the operator obtains permission from the ROCC.
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51 lessons learned • Follow applicable codes and standards and go through proper permitting processes in each jurisdiction in which the agency operates. This affords maximum protection for the agency and its customers.
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