Evaluation of Best Management Practices for Highway Runoff Control (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 44-55
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44 7.1 Introduction To select an appropriate BMP/LID system for a site, performance or hydrologic measures need to be considered along with the feasibility of design, installation, and implementation.A variety of regional factors or drivers influence the selection and/or location of a particular BMP/LID system. At the local level, competing political, economic, transportation, development, social and environmental objectives must be considered and reconciled by determining goals and objectives of the program, procedures to govern the overall effort, and specific operational requirements (American Public Works Association 1981)
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45 mean that that space is available for a structural BMP, as planning for future expansions may take precedence over stormwater control projects. Even in rural areas, pressure to conserve agricultural and natural lands may take precedence over additional land for stormwater treatment.
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46 7.2.6 Soil Properties In addition to the slope, the types of soil and geologic formations at a site may dictate stormwater BMP type and design. Soils that are highly erosive and cut slopes that contain a slip plane that is prone to failure should be avoided.
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47 be estimated. However, if a water body is listed as impaired, but a TMDL has not yet been established, the DOT may have to provide the maximum level of control possible to ensure further impairment does not occur.
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48 supplemented by discharge standards in the form of effluent limitations applicable to point and nonpoint sources. 7.3.5 National Estuary Program The USEPA administers the National Estuary Program under Section 320 of the CWA.
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49 projects planned in the area of the aquifer are inventoried, reviewed, and approved by the general public, local authorities, state environmental agencies, and the USEPA. 7.3.8 Endangered Species Act Another regionally influenced regulation that may drive the selection and design of stormwater treatment facilities is the Endangered Species Act (ESA)
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50 scenic rivers legislation. As a result, many state regulations prohibit or restrict dams, protect designated rivers from channelization or diversion, or require land use planning, water-quality and waste control, transportation planning, and local zoning.
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51 Virginia (Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation 2001; California Environmental Protection Agency 2001) , and the "Guidance for Evaluating Emerging Stormwater Treatment Technologies, Technology Assessment Protocol -- Ecology (TAPE)
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52 7.4.4 Health and Safety BMPs could potentially create a public health hazard by increasing habitat availability for the aquatic stages of mosquitoes and by creating harborage, food, and moisture for other reservoir and nuisance species. Emerging public health threats, such as the detection in 2001 of the exotic Asian tiger mosquito and the westward expansion of mosquito-borne West Nile virus illustrate the importance of cooperation and partnership at all levels of government.
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53 7.4.6 Planning and Development BMP planning and development occur on both a watershed level and a site level. Among other environmental planning and management goals, watershed planning also provides the following: • A list of BMPs, LID facilities, and other mitigating measures and their locations in a watershed; • Hydrology and hydraulic modeling to determine the BMP/LID size; • The selection of ecosystem features at a BMP/LID facility; and • A conceptual and detailed layout of BMPs and LID facilities for upstream, site, and downstream aspects.
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54 • "Federal Guidance on the Use of In-Lieu-Fee Arrangements for Compensatory Mitigation Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act" (ILF Guidance)
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55 of stormwater control systems. This approach may be in conflict with tributary strategies, TMDLs, and watershed trading policies because of administrative limitations on altering BMP designs and penalties of time delays for waivers that are required to develop or alter designs that meet the specific overall permit or resource protection goals in the watershed.
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