Assessment of Advanced Solid-State Lighting (2013) / Chapter Skim
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6 SSL Large-Scale Deployment
6 SSL Large-Scale Deployment
Pages 85-105
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From page 85... ...
must Consumers need assurances that the SSL products they be substantially reduced before OLED lighting products purchase will meet their lighting needs as advertised to avoid penetrate the lighting market. The replacement markets also some of the early deployment problems associated with the hold the most promise for the greatest energy savings and introduction of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)
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From page 86... ...
LED lighting sales in Japan are estimated to top $1 bil- developing OLED technology for lighting applications, with lion in 2011, making Japan the largest market for LED light- Moser-Baer, located in New York, being the first commercial ing products. The LED adoption rate for new lamp purchases entry into OLED lighting manufacturing.
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From page 87... ...
Third of SSL products based on LEDs, barriers remain to be are downstream activities that include decision-making on overcome for them to dominate the lighting market. Efforts particular lighting applications and end-user purchases and focused on materials research and overcoming manufactur- the offering of any purchase support programs offered by ing challenges to improve SSL products and reduce costs utilities or other entities to support widespread adoption of are essential.
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From page 88... ...
The lighting systems design and proddue to lattice mismatch in LEDs should increase reliability, uct decision makers are different for each sector, and decision yield, and efficiency. Improving LED light output and color is makers in each sector have a different level of knowledge also important because most LED lamps currently available do and experience with SSL technology.
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From page 89... ...
Binning is used when potential to lower costs of solid-state lighting products. the yield is low and manufacturing processes do not have sufficient quality controls in place to ensure a consistent and uniform product.
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From page 90... ...
If other supplies light sources, and OLED costs will have to be substantially are not developed or the rare earths become much more reduced for OLED lighting products to be viable in the mar- expensive, then other alternatives need to be found to make ket place. In this context, Universal Display Corporation in white-light LEDs.
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From page 91... ...
published a final accelerated life tests for SSL products, which slows the rule on July 19, 2010, that required all medium screw-base development and deployment of new reliable products. lamps, including incandescent, compact fluorescent, and LED lamps, to carry their version of a lighting facts label.
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From page 92... ...
This may significantly limit the impact of ENERGY STAR® overall in improving lighting efficiency in these sectors and impede widespread deployment of SSL technologies. Other programs, such as the Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnership DesignLightsTM Consortium (DLC)
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From page 93... ...
In this case, cost is the primary driver The small commercial market segment, although difficult for lamp purchases. and costly to reach through such programs, has been persuaded Commercial sector lighting decisions in new buildings are by this program to install energy efficient lighting.
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From page 94... ...
LIPA's behalf provide training to the sales force at each location that joins the program. The program also provides retailer LED End-of-Life Issues in-store promotions complete with light displays to educate consumers on the ENERGY STAR®-qualified LED products One of the fundamental advantages of SSL is that the and demonstrate the energy efficient lighting products and light-emitting structure does not contain materials that their dimming capabilities.
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From page 95... ...
The study found that other than SSL Energy Savings Potential arsenic and some metals, the materials found in LEDs do The United States electricity consumption was 3,754 TWh not pose serious health risks. Among the LEDs tested, white in 2010, and lighting electricity consumption in all sectors LEDs appeared to be the safest for the environment because accounted for roughly 19 percent of U.S.
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From page 96... ...
16 Rebound effects include the following consumer responses to an inFor the committee's estimates, the baseline assumptions for crease in energy efficiency. The direct rebound effect means that efficiency lighting technology characterization and lighting energy gains lead to a lower price of energy services, leading to an expanded or use in the residential sector rely on the 2010 U.S.
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From page 97... ...
. provides an estimate of the technical potential energy savings that can be anticipated as a result of EISA implementation.17 Under this scenario, lighting technologies (whether CFLs or Residential and Commercial Energy Consumption Surveys LEDs)
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From page 98... ...
The results of the survey, in either case, because of data limitations and the frequency of collection, are of RECOMMENDATION 6-6: The Energy Information little use to energy modelers and policy makers. EIA could Administration should collect data on energy demand for ask consumers to fill out tables similar to Table 6.7, which lighting through the Residential Energy Consumption Suruses the room types from DOE's 2010 Lighting Market vey, the Commercial Energy Consumption Survey, and the Characterization study (DOE, 2012)
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From page 99... ...
The committee selected consumers in retail stores. These same scaling factors were these two usage scenarios for two reasons: first, because they used for years 2015 and 2020, resulting in the following are representative of average daily usages in the residential weighting factors for cool and warm LEDs: lifetime factor and commercial sectors, and second, the results are found of 0.5, efficacy factor of 0.51, and a markup factor for price to be very sensitive to the number of hours of use.
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From page 100... ...
25 20 15 CFLs LED warm whiteLED cool white T12 T8 10 5 T5 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Year 6.6.eps FIGURE 6.6 Annualized life-cycle costs of lighting technologies for 10 h/day usage scenarios. A 10 percent discount rate and an electricity price of $0.11/kWh are assumed.
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From page 101... ...
The member countries have not funded local 2011 earthquake and tsunami, as a result of extensive news language programs, at least not on a systematic scale. Much coverage and government outreach to the public, the adoplike in the United States, halogen incandescent lamps and tion of even higher efficiency LED lamps has accelerated.
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From page 102... ...
SOURCE: Reproduced by permission of the Commonwealth Department of government, industry, and other players in promoting a nascent Climate Change and Energy Efficiency, Australia. technology that may not achieve an optimal pace and scale of market penetration relying on market forces alone.
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From page 103... ...
The PCAST study recommended that "the Office of DOE's R&D programs in fossil energy and energy efficiency Management and Budget (OMB) should develop criteria for reported that, in the aggregate, the benefits of federal applied determining life-cycle costs and for including social costs energy R&D exceeded the costs but observed that the DOE in evaluating energy purchases" (PCAST, 2010, p.
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From page 104... ...
Second, the benefits of SSL in within the SSL value chain making key market connections retrofit applications and in new lighting forms need to be by providing practitioners hands-on opportunities to learn well articulated and accurately assessed, based on rigorous about energy efficient lighting technologies and lighting and valid testing and in-field verification. Third, consumers design approaches.
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From page 105... ...
For widespread SSL deployment to be suc- Diodes in Niche Lighting Applications. Prepared for Building Techcessful and for consumer expectation to be met regarding nologies Program Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, SSL products, the much larger task of making the public U.S.
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