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OCR for page 1203
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
J
Association of Added Sugars Intake and Intake of Other Nutrients
OCR for page 1204
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-1 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Children 4 Through 8 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
244
608
827
711
Calcium, mg
977
1,042
985
908
Standard error
31
23
15
16
Comparison
abcdec
abc
abc
ade
Percent > AI (800 mg/d)
69
95
85
78
Magnesium, mg
241
257
237
222
Standard error
6.3
5.2
5.2
3.4
Comparison
abcde
abc
abcde
acde
Percent < EAR (110 mg/d)
0
0
0
0
Vitamin A, RAE
684
722
715
778
Standard error
32
19
13
26
Comparison
abcdef
abcde
abcde
abcd
Percent < EAR (275 µg/d)
0.4
0
0.9
0.1
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherold
4.6
5.9
5.3
5.5
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
Comparison
aefg
bcd
bcde
bcde
Percent < EAR (6 mg/d)
76
53
68
65
Iron, mg
12.7
14.4
13.4
12.8
Standard error
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
Comparison
acdef
bc
abcde
acde
Percent < EAR (4.1 mg/d)
0
0
0
0
Zinc, mg
9.1
10.3
9.0
8.8
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Comparison
acde
b
acde
acde
Percent < EAR (4 mg/d)
0
0
0
0
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1205
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
504
297
130
127
899
771
703
NAb
22
32
43
NA
ade
fg
fg
77
41
25
NA
219
197
188
NA
3.7
5.8
9.7
NA
acdeg
fg
efg
0
0
0
NA
668
568
504
NA
19
38
40
NA
abcef
aefg
fg
7.1
0.7
3.6
NA
5.2
4.7
4.0
NA
0.1
0.1
0.3
NA
acdef
aefg
afg
77
95
99
NA
12.6
11.6
10.0
NA
0.2
0.3
0.6
NA
acdef
aefg
fg
0
0
0
NA
8.7
7.9
6.8
NA
0.2
0.2
0.4
NA
acde
fg
fg
0
0
0.4
NA
OCR for page 1206
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-2 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Boys 9 Through 13 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
81
171
278
236
Calcium, mg
1,301
1,177
1,155
1,045
Standard error
43
48
37
32
Comparison
abcb
abcde
abcde
bcdeg
Percent > AI (1,300 mg/d)
50
27
23
15
Magnesium, mg
301
297
305
264
Standard error
9.9
5.1
8.7
6.3
Comparison
abceh
abceh
abceh
deh
Percent < EAR (200 mg/d)
8.0
0
0.2
15.4
Vitamin A, RAE
808
757
764
730
Standard error
49
39
38
35
Comparison
abcdefgh
abcdefgh
abcdefgh
abcdefgh
Percent < EAR (445 µg/d)
9.6
3.1
3.2
14.6
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
5.9
6.8
7.7
6.7
Standard error
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
Comparison
abdefgh
abcdefg
bcdeg
abcdefg
Percent < EAR (9 mg/d)
81
94
64
96
Iron, mg
16.1
17.0
17.3
15.7
Standard error
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
Comparison
abcdegh
abcdegh
abcdegh
abcdegh
Percent < EAR (5.9 mg/d)
0.2
0
0
0
Zinc, mg
12.5
12.6
12.6
11.1
Standard error
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.3
Comparison
abcde
abcde
abce
abdef
Percent < EAR (7 mg/d)
2.1
0.03
1.4
0
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1207
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
195
127
64
67
1,138
826
951
769
29
28
43
57
bcde
fgh
dfgh
fgh
22
6.9
8.7
0
281
226
219
247
7.2
6.4
10.2
16.7
abcdeh
fgh
fgh
abcdefgh
11.1
24.1
31
3.9
813
611
710
659
44
44
54
53
abcdegh
abcdfgh
abcdefgh
abcdefgh
8.3
16.3
4.6
4.0
7.3
5.9
5.9
4.8
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.3
abcdefg
abdefgh
abcdefgh
afgh
80
95
99
99.7
15.9
12.7
13.6
14.2
0.5
0.4
1.2
0.9
abcdegh
fgh
abcdefgh
abcdefgh
0
0.7
0
0
12.5
9.8
8.0
0.4
0.3
0.4
abcde
df
g
0
12.9
24
OCR for page 1208
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-3 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Boys 14 Through 18 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
54
112
153
191
Calcium, mg
1,236
1,162
1,213
1,195
Standard error
100
71
53
45
Comparison
abcdefc
abcdef
abcdef
abcdef
Percent > AI (1,300 mg/d)
43
41
42
42
Magnesium, mg
328
365
323
314
Standard error
16
15
13
10.3
Comparison
abcdefg
abcdeg
abcdefg
abcdefg
Percent < EAR (340 mg/d)
66
31
58
60
Vitamin A, RAE
676
706
737
903
Standard error
50
49
41
53
Comparison
abcefg
abcdefg
abcdefg
bcde
Percent < EAR (630 µg/d)
39
42
34
4.5
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherold
7.2
10.2
7.5
13.2
Standard error
0.4
0.7
0.3
1.7
Comparison
acefg
bde
acefg
bde
Percent < EAR (12 mg/d)
99
100
86
45
Iron, mg
16.6
18.9
19.0
23.4
Standard error
0.8
0.9
0.7
1.4
Comparison
abdefg
abcdefg
abcdef
bcdef
Percent < EAR (7.7 mg/d)
0
0.3
0
0
Zinc, mg
14.2
15.4
15.0
18.9
Standard error
0.7
0.8
0.6
1.4
Comparison
abcdef
abcdef
abcd
abcdef
Percent < EAR (8.5 mg/d)
1.5
0.4
0.7
2.7
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1209
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
165
101
66
66
1,167
955
747
NAb
42
70
49
NA
abcdef
abcdefg
fg
29
17
4.2
NA
326
286
335
NA
10.5
18.3
49
NA
abcdefg
acdefg
abcdefg
55
75
51
NA
770
615
546
NA
52
45
48
NA
abcdef
abcefg
abcfg
33
52
70
NA
8.5
7.1
7.0
NA
0.3
0.4
0.4
NA
abcdef
acefg
acfg
93
91
99
NA
19.7
17.5
15.6
NA
0.7
2.0
0.8
NA
abcdef
abcdefg
abfg
0
0.2
0.3
NA
15.1
12.3
12.9
NA
0.6
1.8
0.9
NA
abdef
abdef
abcefg
2.5
17.2
6.1
NA
OCR for page 1210
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-4 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Men 19 Through 50 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
656
814
915
810
Calcium, mg
909
1,040
1,115
964
Standard error
19
21
22
19
Comparison
adefgb
bcd
bc
abdef
Percent > AI (1,000 mg/d)
40
54
68
46
Magnesium, mg (19–30 y)
384
436
373
370
Standard error
10
11
7
8
Comparison
acd
b
acd
acd
Percent < EAR (330 mg/d)
2.7
8.5
33
17
Magnesium, mg (31–50 y)
370
401
400
339
Standard error
7
7
8
7
Comparison
abc
abc
abc
defg
Percent < EAR (350 mg/d)
42
29
11
57
Vitamin A, RAE
737
694
953
764
Standard error
31
19
27
22
Comparison
abdef
abdef
c
abdef
Percent < EAR (625 µg/d)
32
44
23
30
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
7.8
10.3
9.5
9.8
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Comparison
aefg
bcd
bce
bcd
Percent < EAR (12 mg/d)
86
80
85.2
91
Iron, mg
16.9
19.5
20
18.7
Standard error
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
Comparison
aef
bcd
bcd
bcd
Percent < EAR (6 mg/d)
0.2
0
0
0
OCR for page 1211
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
565
312
190
173
917
912
798
624
21
30
37
27
adefg
adefg
aefg
h
36
15
31
2.7
304
287
265
217
7
12
12
9
efg
efg
efgh
gh
63
72
76
91
321
321
308
236
7
9
14
17
defg
defg
defg
h
62
68
71
82
725
682
409
360
26
40
26
27
abdef
abdef
gh
gh
35
43
73
85
8.5
7.5
7.2
5.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
ae
afg
afg
h
92
98
100
99
17.1
16.0
14.1
11.5
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.6
aef
aefg
fg
h
0
<0.05
2.6
3.1
OCR for page 1212
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
Zinc, mg
15
16.3
16.2
14.9
Standard error
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
Comparison
abcd
abc
abc
ad
Percent < EAR (9.4 mg/d)
5.9
0
0
4.2
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1213
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
13.6
12.6
11.2
9.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
ef
efg
fg
h
07
0
26
48
OCR for page 1215
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
282
151
87
64
773
672
585
600
29
38
37
45
abcdef
abdefgh
fgh
fgh
14
11
4.4
0
306
246
240
237
9
9
11
17
acde
fgh
fgh
fgh
65
82
93
97
748
693
624
424
37
53
69
60
abcdefg
abcdefg
abdefgh
gh
37
35
50
81
7.9
6.5
5.6
4.0
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
abcdef
abdefg
fg
h
82
90
96
100
15.5
15.2
13.3
10.8
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.7
abcefg
abcdefg
aefgh
gh
0.3
0.6
0.5
0
11.1
12.7
18.9
8.3
0.4
0.7
3.0
0.6
abdefg
abcdefg
abcdefg
h
27
0.7
14.5
58
OCR for page 1216
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-6 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Girls 9 Through 13 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
75
167
247
259
Calcium, mg
884
1,063
944
883
Standard error
183
35
28
27
Comparisons
abcdefghb
abc
abcd
acde
Percent > AI (1,300 mg/d)
16
15
4.2
7.9
Magnesium, mg
255
280
235
230
Standard error
9
7
6
7
Comparison
abcdg
ab
acdg
acdeg
Percent < EAR (200 mg/d)
16
0
17
30
Vitamin A, RAE
650
729
741
741
Standard error
207
57
34
34
Comparison
abcdefgh
abcdeg
abcdeg
abcdeg
Percent < EAR (420 µg/d)
16
6.4
3.5
2.7
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
5.4
5.9
5.8
6.2
Standard error
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
Comparison
abcdefg
abcdeg
abcdeg
abcdeg
Percent < EAR (9 mg/d)
97
80
97
89
Iron, mg
15.7
15.8
13.5
13.2
Standard error
6.1
0.6
0.5
0.5
Comparison
abcdefgh
abg
acdeg
acdeg
Percent < EAR (5.7 mg/d)
1.9
0
0
0.2
Zinc, mg
10.7
10.5
9.3
9.8
Standard error
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
Comparison
abcdg
abcdg
abcdeg
abcdeg
Percent < EAR (7 mg/d)
12
5.7
17
14
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1217
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
210
124
70
64
785
614
720
479
29
24
23
26
adeg
af
aeg
ah
1.5
0.2
2.4
0
208
180
221
133
6
4
11
8
deg
f
acdeg
h
44
73
35
90
606
413
553
406
32
26
57
69
abcdegh
afgh
abcdefgh
aefgh
18
51
19
52
5.5
4.6
5.7
3.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
abcdefg
aefg
abcdefg
h
95
99
87
97
12.3
10.5
12.8
8.2
0.5
0.3
0.8
0.5
acdeg
afg
abcdefg
ah
0.2
0
0.2
10.5
8.4
7.3
10.6
5.1
0.3
0.3
1.0
0.4
cdefg
efg
abcdefg
h
23
43
4.5
77
OCR for page 1218
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-7 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Girls 14 Through 18 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
57
122
147
196
Calcium, mg
689
929
938
807
Standard error
72
60
38
29
Comparison
abcdefgb
abcd
abcd
abcde
Percent > AI (1,300 mg/d)
4.5
28
11
0.7
Magnesium, mg
350
264
261
221
Standard error
57
11
9
6
Comparison
abcdef
abce
abce
ade
Percent < EAR (300 mg/d)
34
65
77
85
Vitamin A, RAE
407
613
688
642
Standard error
42
41
38
41
Comparison
aefg
bcdg
bcd
bcdg
Percent < EAR (485 µ/d)
76
31
22
18
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
6.0
8.5
6.5
9.8
Standard error
0.6
0.5
0.3
1.0
Comparison
acefg
bd
acdefg
bcde
Percent < EAR (12 mg/d)
99
100
100
69
Iron, mg
12.7
12.5
14.2
13.9
Standard error
0.9
0.4
0.6
0.5
Comparison
abcdef
abcde
abcde
abcde
Percent < EAR (7.9 mg/d)
6.9
15
0.7
0.2
Zinc, mg
8.3
9.8
10.8
9.8
Standard error
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
Comparison
abdefg
abcdef
bcde
abcdef
Percent < EAR (3.0 mg/d)
39
33
16
27
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1219
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
141
119
73
94
719
647
598
434
28
37
34
30
adefg
aefg
aefg
h
0
0
2.4
0.8
228
183
168
129
7
8
8
7
abcde
afg
fg
h
85
100
100
98
404
369
429
242
28
23
61
24
aefg
aefg
abdefgh
gh
73
71
65
98
6.7
5.2
5.1
3.5
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
acde
acfg
acfg
h
97
100
98
100
12.3
10.5
8.9
6.9
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.4
abcdef
aefg
fgh
gh
3.0
9.8
28
67
9.8
8.3
6.7
4.9
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
abcdef
abdefg
afg
h
14.5
39
88
86
OCR for page 1220
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-8 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Women 19 Through 50 Years of Age
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
634
762
937
825
Calcium, mg
623
753
764
732
Standard error
16
15
15
14
Comparison
aefb
bcd
bcd
bcd
Percent > AI (1,000 mg/d)
14
22
17
9.1
Magnesium, mg (19–30 y)
231
254
254
260
Standard error
7
6
6
7
Comparison
abcdef
abcde
abcde
abcd
Percent < EAR (255 mg/d)
65
50
51
48
Magnesium, mg (31–50 y)
265
287
277
263
Standard error
6
5
5
5
Comparison
abcd
abc
abcd
acd
Percent < EAR (265 mg/d)
50
36
41
52
Vitamin A, RAE
542
665
675
543
Standard error
20
21
18
15
Comparison
adef
bc
bc
adef
Percent < EAR (500 µg/d)
43
28
11
39
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
6.6
6.8
7.4
7.0
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Comparison
abcd
abcd
abcd
abcd
Percent < EAR (12 mg/d)
100
94
90
94
Iron, mg
12.3
13.9
13.2
13.1
Standard error
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
Comparison
acdef
bcd
abcd
abcd
Percent < EAR (8.1 mg/d)
5.7
0.7
3.4
0
OCR for page 1221
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
648
455
253
326
650
607
542
404
15
17
19
17
aef
aefg
fg
h
6.6
9.3
3.5
0.3
229
210
184
156
6
6
7
8
abcef
aefg
fgh
gh
78
84
83
99
226
212
180
145
5
6
7
6
ef
ef
g
h
86
84
94
100
480
491
395
294
16
21
24
19
adefg
adefg
efg
h
55
51
71
86
5.5
5.3
4.8
3.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
efg
efg
efg
h
99
97
99
100
11.6
11.3
10.0
7.4
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
aef
aefg
fg
h
9.5
11.5
29
63
OCR for page 1222
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
Zinc, mg
9.5
10.4
10.1
10.0
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Comparison
abcde
abcd
abcd
abcd
Percent < EAR (6.8 mg/d)
8
2.2
10
10
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1223
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
8.8
8.4
7.4
5.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
aef
ef
g
h
13
29
42
77
OCR for page 1224
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE J-9 Median Nutrient Intakes by Range of Percent of Daily Energy Intake from Added Sugars, Women 51 Years of Age and Older
Nutrienta
Percent of Energy from Added Sugars
0 ≤ x ≤ 5%
5 < x ≤ 10%
10 < x ≤ 15%
15 < x ≤ 20%
n
786
851
707
496
Calcium, mg
567
639
677
623
Standard error
13
13
14
15
Comparison
adefb
bcdef
bcdef
abcdef
Percent > AI (1,200 mg/d)
4.5
5.7
3.9
3.8
Magnesium, mg
235
257
255
241
Standard error
4
4
4
5
Comparison
adef
bcd
bcd
abcdf
Percent < EAR (265 mg/d)
63
54
55
61
Vitamin A, RAE
762
675
777
612
Standard error
24
20
23
25
Comparison
abch
abdeh
ach
bdefh
Percent < EAR (500 µg/d)
12
32
11
37
Vitamin E, mg α-tocopherolc
5.0
5.6
5.7
5.7
Standard error
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
Comparison
aef
bcdf
bcdf
bcdf
Percent < EAR (12 mg/d)
98
90
99
95
Iron, mg
11.1
12.4
12.4
12.1
Standard error
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
Comparison
adef
bcd
bcd
abcdf
Percent < EAR (5 mg/d)
1.1
1.2
0.2
0.8
Zinc, mg
8.0
8.8
8.8
8.2
Standard error
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Comparison
adef
bcd
bcd
abcdf
Percent < EAR (6.8 mg/d)
35
30
22
34
a AI = Adequate Intake, EAR = Estimated Average Requirement, RAE = retinol activity equivalents.
b NA = data not available.
c Percent ranges of energy from added sugars have been assigned a letter (a–h). When ranges of intakes do not share the same letter, they are significantly different (p < 0.5).
d Estimates of mg of α-tocopherol were obtained by multiplying estimates of mg of α-tocopherol equivalents by 0.8.
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from added sugars based on unadjusted Day 1 intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method and data from the subsample of individuals with Day 2 recalls providing estimates of usual intake. Medians, standard errors, and percents below or above the Dietary Reference Intakes were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom.
DATA SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994; National Cancer Institute’s Pyramid Servings Database for NHANES III; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics and University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center’s Carotenoid Database for NHANES III (vitamin A data only).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1225
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
20 < x ≤ 25%
25 < x ≤ 30%
30 < x ≤ 35%
> 35%
296
141
76
80
567
551
414
424
19
27
27
40
abdef
abdefh
gh
fgh
3.1
0.2
1.0
1.1
216
214
154
160
5
8
8
9
aef
adef
gh
gh
75
95
92
98
583
529
403
543
30
40
46
75
bdefh
defgh
fgh
abcdefgh
38
45
69
6
4.7
5.4
3.7
3.1
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
aefg
abcdef
egh
gh
97
97
100
100
10.3
10.6
7.9
7.8
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.4
aef
adef
gh
gh
3.5
0.3
16
7.0
7.2
7.6
6.0
5.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
aefg
adefg
efgh
gh
47
37
67
89
Representative terms from entire chapter:
median nutrient
